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Muhammad Asad   
And yet, [O believers,] it was not you who slew the enemy, but it was God who slew them; and it was not thou who cast [terror into them, O Prophet], when thou didst cast it, but it was God who cast it: and [He did all this] in order that He might test the believers by a goodly test of His Own or daining. Verily, God is all-hearing, all-knowing
The Clear Quran, Dr. Mustafa Khattab   
It was not you ˹believers˺ who killed them, but it was Allah Who did so. Nor was it you ˹O Prophet˺ who threw ˹a handful of sand at the disbelievers˺, but it was Allah Who did so, rendering the believers a great favour. Surely Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Safi Kaskas   
Believers, it was not you who killed the enemy, but God who killed them, and it was not you [Prophet] who threw terror into them but it was God who threw it, and He did all of this in order to test the believers. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing

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Source Arabic and Literal tools
Arabic   
فَلَمۡ تَقۡتُلُوهُمۡ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمۡۚ وَمَا رَمَیۡتَ إِذۡ رَمَیۡتَ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَمَىٰ وَلِیُبۡلِیَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِینَ مِنۡهُ بَلَاۤءً حَسَنًاۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِیعٌ عَلِیمࣱ ۝١٧
Transliteration (2021)   
falam taqtulūhum walākinna l-laha qatalahum wamā ramayta idh ramayta walākinna l-laha ramā waliyub'liya l-mu'minīna min'hu balāan ḥasanan inna l-laha samīʿun ʿalīmu
Word for Word
Dr. Shehnaz Shaikh, Ms. Kauser Katri, and more
  
And not you kill them, but Allah killed them. And not you threw when you threw, but Allah threw and that He may test the believers from Him (with) a trial good. Indeed, Allah (is) All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

Generally Accepted Translations of the Meaning
Muhammad Asad   
And yet, [O believers,] it was not you who slew the enemy, but it was God who slew them; and it was not thou who cast [terror into them, O Prophet], when thou didst cast it, but it was God who cast it: and [He did all this] in order that He might test the believers by a goodly test of His Own or daining. Verily, God is all-hearing, all-knowing
M. M. Pickthall   
Ye (Muslims) slew them not, but Allah slew them. And thou (Muhammad) threwest not when thou didst throw, but Allah threw, that He might test the believers by a fair test from Him. Lo! Allah is Hearer, Knower
Yusuf Ali (Saudi Rev. 1985)   
It is not ye who slew them; it was Allah: when thou threwest (a handful of dust), it was not thy act, but Allah's: in order that He might test the Believers by a gracious trial from Himself: for Allah is He Who heareth and knoweth (all things)
The Clear Quran, Dr. Mustafa Khattab   
It was not you ˹believers˺ who killed them, but it was Allah Who did so. Nor was it you ˹O Prophet˺ who threw ˹a handful of sand at the disbelievers˺, but it was Allah Who did so, rendering the believers a great favour. Surely Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Safi Kaskas   
Believers, it was not you who killed the enemy, but God who killed them, and it was not you [Prophet] who threw terror into them but it was God who threw it, and He did all of this in order to test the believers. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Wahiduddin Khan   
You did not kill them; it was God who killed them; and when you [Prophet] threw [sand] at them it was not you, but God who threw it so that He might confer on the believers a great favour from Himself. Surely, God is all hearing, all-knowin
Shakir   
So you did not slay them, but it was Allah Who slew them, and you did not smite when you smote (the enemy), but it was Allah Who smote, and that He might confer upon the believers a good gift from Himself; surely Allah is Hearing, Knowing
Dr. Laleh Bakhtiar   
Then, you kill them not, but God killed them. And thou hadst not thrown when thou hadst thrown but God threw. He tries by experiment the ones who believe with a fairer trial from Him. Truly, God is Hearing, Knowing.
T.B.Irving   
You (all) do not kill them but God kills them. You did not shoot [anything] when you shot [arrows or spears] but God threw [them] so He may test believers, as a handsome test from Himself. God is Alert, Wise.
Abdul Hye   
You did not kill them, but Allah killed them. You (Muhammad) did not throw sand but Allah threw, so that He might test the believers by a fair trial from Him. Surely, Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.
The Study Quran   
You did not slay them, but God slew them, and thou threwest not when thou threwest, but God threw, that He might try the believers with a beautiful trial from Him. Truly God is Hearing, Knowing
Talal Itani & AI (2024)   
You didn’t kill them, but it was God who killed them. And you threw not when you threw, but it was God who threw—to test the believers with a good test from Him. God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Talal Itani (2012)   
It was not you who killed them, but it was God who killed them. And it was not you who launched when you launched, but it was God who launched. That He may bestow upon the believers an excellent reward. God is Hearing and Knowing.
Dr. Kamal Omar   
So you people killed them not. And, but Allah (Himself) killed them. And you did not shoot when you did shoot (from your arrows and other armaments.); and, but Allah (Himself) shot (at them) that He might test the Believers of His Own (in) a fair trial. Verily, Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower
M. Farook Malik   
In fact, it was not you who killed them, but it was Allah Who killed them; it was not you who threw the handful of sand, but it was Allah Who threw it so that He might pass the believers successfully through this excellent trial; surely Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Muhammad Mahmoud Ghali   
So, you did not kill them, but Allah killed them; and in no way did you (i.e., the prophet) throw when you threw, but Allah threw, and that He might try the believers by a fair trial from Himself. Surely Allah is Ever-Hearing, Ever-Knowing
Muhammad Sarwar   
It was not you (believers) but God who slew the pagans. It was not you (Muhammad) but God who threw dust at them. He did this as a favorable test for the believers. God is All-hearing and All-knowing
Muhammad Taqi Usmani   
So, it is not you who killed them, but in fact Allah killed them. And you did not throw when you threw but Allah did throw, so that He might bless the believers with a good favour. Surely, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Shabbir Ahmed   
You subdued them not, Allah did. You threw not the arrows, Allah did. For, Allah had permitted you to repel the aggression. He gives the believers a chance to earn credit from Him. Allah is Hearer, Knower
Dr. Munir Munshey   
You did not slay them. Rather, it was Allah Who killed them. You did not throw (sand at the enemy) when you threw (a handful). Rather, it was Allah Who threw (the sand). So that He may test the believers by a fair test from Him. Allah is the all-Hearing, and the all-Knowing
Syed Vickar Ahamed   
It is not you who killed them: It was Allah Who killed them; And when you threw (a handful of dust), it was not your act, but Allah's (act): So that He might test the believers by a kind trail from Himself: Surely, Allah is All Hearing (Sami’), All Knowing (Aleem)
Umm Muhammad (Sahih International)   
And you did not kill them, but it was Allah who killed them. And you threw not, [O Muhammad], when you threw, but it was Allah who threw that He might test the believers with a good test. Indeed, Allah is Hearing and Knowing
[The Monotheist Group] (2011 Edition)   
It was not you who killed them, but it was God who killed them. And it was not you who launched when you did, but it was God who launched. And so that the believers would be tested well by God. God is Hearer, Knowledgeable
Abdel Haleem   
It was not you who killed them but God, and when you [Prophet] threw [sand at them] it was not your throw [that defeated them] but God’s, to do the believers a favour: God is all seeing and all knowing
Abdul Majid Daryabadi   
Wherefore ye slew them not, but Allah slew them, and thou thrtwest not, When thou threWest, but Allah threw, in order that he might prove the believers with a goodly proving from Him. Verily Allah is Hearing, Knowing
Ahmed Ali   
It was not you who killed them, but God did so. You did not throw what you threw, (sand into the eyes of the enemy at Badr), but God, to bring out the best in the faithful by doing them a favour of His own. God is all-hearing and all-knowing
Aisha Bewley   
You did not kill them; it was Allah who killed them; and you did not throw, when you threw; it was Allah who threw: so He might test the muminun with this excellent trial from Him. Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Ali Ünal   
You (O believers) did not kill them (by yourselves in the battle), but God killed them; and when you (O Messenger) threw (dust at them at the start of the battle), it was not you who threw but God threw. (He did all this) so that He might put the believers to a test by a fair testing from Him (so that could attain to their goal and should know that victory is from God). Surely, God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Ali Quli Qara'i   
You did not kill them; rather it was Allah who killed them; and you did not throw when you threw, rather it was Allah who threw, that He might test the faithful with a good test from Himself. Indeed Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing
Hamid S. Aziz   
It is not you who slew them, but it was Allah who slew them; nor was it you who threw (the dust to blind the enemy), but Allah who threw it to test the believers by goodly test from Himself; verily, Allah is Hearer, Knower
Ali Bakhtiari Nejad   
You did not kill them, but God killed them, and you did not shoot when you shot, but God shot. He gives the believers a good gift from Himself. God hears all and knows all.
A.L. Bilal Muhammad et al (2018)   
It is not you who slew them, but it was God. When you threw a handful of dust, it was not your act, but God's, in order that He might challenge the believers by a gracious trial from Himself, for God is He Who hears and knows all things
Musharraf Hussain   
You didn’t kill them, but Allah killed them nor did you throw the pebbles when you threw, Messenger, but it was Allah Who threw it. This was as a positive test of the believers from Him. Allah is the Hearer, the Knower.
Maududi   
So the fact is that it was not you, but it was Allah Who killed them; and it was not you when you threw [sand at them], but it was Allah Who threw it, (and the believers were employed for the task) that He might cause the believers to successfully pass through this test. Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
[The Monotheist Group] (2013 Edition)   
It was not you who killed them, but it was God who killed them. And it was not you who launched when you did, but it was God who launched. And so that the believers would be tested well by Him. God is Hearer, Knowledgeable.
Mohammad Shafi   
Then it was not you who killed them, but it was Allah Who killed them. And it was not you who threw when you threw, but it was Allah Who threw. And He did it to test the believers with a good test from Himself. Indeed, Allah listens, knows

Controversial or status undetermined works
Ahmed Raza Khan (Barelvi)   
Therefore you did not slay them, but Allah slew them. And O beloved Prophet! The dust that you did throw, you did not throw, but Allah threw, and in order that He might confer on the Muslim a better reward than it. Undoubtedly, Allah is Hearing, Knowing.
Rashad Khalifa   
It was not you who killed them; GOD is the One who killed them. It was not you who threw when you threw; GOD is the One who threw. But He thus gives the believers a chance to earn a lot of credit. GOD is Hearer, Omniscient.
Hasan Al-Fatih Qaribullah   
It was not you who killed them, but Allah slew them, neither was it you who threw at them. Allah threw at them in order that He confers on the believers a fair benefit. Indeed, Allah is Hearing, Knowing
Maulana Muhammad Ali   
So you slew them not but Allah slew them, and thou smotest not when thou didst smite (the enemy), but Allah smote (him), and that He might confer upon the believers a benefit from Himself. Surely Allah is Hearing, Knowing
Muhammad Ahmed & Samira   
So you did not kill them, and but God killed them, and you did not throw when you threw, and but God threw, and (it is for) God to test the believers from Him a good test, that God (is) hearing/listening, knowledgeable
Bijan Moeinian   
Know that it was not you who killed them! It was the Lord Who killed them. It was not you who threw (the sand) against them! It was the Lord Who did it. God did it in order to make it easier for the believer to pass this excellent test of theirs; God hears everything and Knows everything
Faridul Haque   
So you did not slay them, but in fact Allah slew them; and O dear Prophet (Mohammed - peace and blessings be upon him) you did not throw (the sand) when you did throw, but in fact Allah threw; and in order to bestow an excellent reward upon the Muslims; indeed Allah is the All Hearing, the All Knowing
Sher Ali   
So you slew them not; but it was ALLAH Who slew them. And thou threwest not when thou didst throw, but it was ALLAH Who threw, that HE might overthrow the disbelievers and that HE might confer on the believers a great favour from Himself. Surely, ALLAH is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Dr. Mohammad Tahir-ul-Qadri   
(O soldiers of the Army of Islam!) It is not you who killed the disbelievers (who initiated war against you) but it is Allah Who killed them, and, (O Glorious Beloved,) when you smote (them with pebbles), it was not you who smote them, but Allah smote, (so) that He confers upon the believers great favours from Him. Allah is indeed All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Amatul Rahman Omar   
Therefore (in this war O Muslims!) you killed them not. (As a matter of fact) it was Allah Who killed them. And (O Prophet!) it was not you who threw (a handful of small stones) when you did (apparently) throw them (towards the enemy) but it was Allah Who threw (that He might vanquish your enemies) and that He might confer on the believers from Himself a bounteous favour. Verily, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Muhsin Khan & Muhammad al-Hilali   
You killed them not, but Allah killed them. And you (Muhammad SAW) threw not when you did throw but Allah threw, that He might test the believers by a fair trial from Him. Verily, Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower

Non-Muslim and/or Orientalist works
Arthur John Arberry   
You did not slay them, but God slew them; and when thou threwest, it was not thyself that threw, but God threw, and that He might confer on the believers a fair benefit; surely God is All-hearing, All-knowing
George Sale   
So you slew them not; but it was God Who slew them. And thou threwest not when thou didst throw, but it was God Who threw, that He might overthrow the disbelievers and that He might confer on the believers a great favour from Himself. Surely, God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Edward Henry Palmer   
Ye did not slay them, but it was God who slew them; nor didst thou shoot when thou didst shoot, but God did shoot, to try the believers from Himself with a goodly trial; verily, God both hears and knows
John Medows Rodwell   
So it was not ye who slew them, but God slew them; and those shafts were God's, not thine! He would make trial of the faithful by a gracious trial from Himself: Verily, God Heareth, Knoweth
N J Dawood (2014)   
You did not slay them, but it was God who slew them. You did not smite them, but it was God who smote them so that He might richly reward the faithful. God hears all and knows all

New, Partial, or In Progress Translations
Fode Drame   
You did not kill them but Allah killed them and you did not throw when you threw but it was Allah who threw and so that He may try the believers with a goodly trial from Him and truly Allah is All-hearing, All-knowing.
Munir Mezyed   
It was not you who killed them, but Allâh did. You did not throw when you did throw, but it was Allâh who did so in order to confer a graceful favor from Himself on those who live by faith. Most certainly, Allâh is All-Hearing- All-Knowing.
Sahib Mustaqim Bleher   
For you did not kill them, but Allah killed them, and you did not throw when you threw, but Allah threw in order for the believers to be tested by Him in a beautiful manner, for Allah listens and knows.
Linda “iLHam” Barto   
It was not you who brought death upon them, but it was Allah who brought death. When you threw [dust into their faces], it was not your act, but it was Allah who threw [the dust]. He did so in order that He might test the believers by a gracious trial from Himself. Truly, Allah is the All-hearing, the All-knowing.
Fadel Soliman, Bridges‘ Translation   
For it was not youpl who killed them, but it was Allah who killed them. And yousg threw not when you threw, but it was Allah who threw, and so that He might test the believers with a goodly test (of victory) from Him; indeed, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Irving & Mohamed Hegab   
You (all) ddid not kill them but Allah (God) killed them. You did not shoot [anything] when you [Muhammad] threw [handful of stones] but Allah (God) threw [them] so He may test believers, as a handsome test from Himself. Allah (God) is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
Samy Mahdy   
So, you did not kill them. But Allah killed them. And you did not cast, when you cast, but Allah casted. And He tries the believers from Him fine trial. Surely, Allah is Hearer, Knowledgeable.
Sayyid Qutb   
It was not you who slew them, but it was God who slew them. When you threw [a handful of dust], it was not your act, but God's, so that He might put the believers through a fair test of His own making. Indeed, God hears all and knows all.
Ahmed Hulusi   
And you did not kill them, but it was Allah who killed them! And you threw not (the arrow) when you (illusory self; ego) threw, but it was Allah who threw! In order to make the believers experience a good from Himself (His grace)! Indeed, Allah is the Sami, the Aleem.
Sayyed Abbas Sadr-Ameli   
You did not slay them, but Allah slew them; and you (O� Muhammad) did not throw when you did throw, but Allah threw, that He might test the believers by a gracious trial from Himself. Verily Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing
Al-muntakhab fi tafsir al-Qur‘an al-Karim   
You people must realize that it was not you who brought death upon the infidels but it was Allah Who destroyed them. It was not you O Muhammad who aimed when you spattered, but it was Allah Who directed the sand you hurled at your enemy. Nor was it you who deprived them of power when you threw the handful of sand at their faces, but it was Allah Who eclipsed their sight. Nonetheless, Allah has determined to test the quality of those who have conformed to Islam with gracious intentions; on the one hand with His prevenient grace producing the repentance and faith without which the grace of justification cannot be received and on the other hand with the efficacious grace really effecting the end for which it is given; Allah is indeed Sami'un (Omnipresent) with unlimited audition and 'Alimun (Omniscient)
Mir Aneesuddin   
So you did not kill them but Allah killed them, and you did not throw when you threw but Allah threw, so that He might test the believers with a good test from Him, Allah is certainly Hearing, Knowing.

Obsolete and/or older editions
Yusuf Ali (Orig. 1938)   
It is not ye who slew them; it was God: when thou threwest (a handful of dust), it was not thy act, but God's: in order that He might test the Believers by a gracious trial from Himself: for God is He Who heareth and knoweth (all things)
OLD Literal Word for Word   
And not you kill them, but Allah killed them. And not you threw when you threw, but Allah threw and that He may test the believers from Him (with) a trial good. Indeed, Allah (is) All-Hearing, All-Knowing
OLD Transliteration   
Falam taqtuloohum walakinna Allaha qatalahum wama ramayta ith ramayta walakinna Allaha rama waliyubliya almu/mineena minhu balaan hasanan inna Allaha sameeAAun AAaleemun